Diacylglycerol kinases in nuclear lipid-dependent signal transduction pathways |
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Authors: | Martelli A M Bortul R Tabellini G Bareggi R Manzoli L Narducci P Cocco L |
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Institution: | (1) Dipartimento di Scienze Anatomiche Umane e Fisiopatologia dell' Apparato Locomotore, Sezione di Anatomia, Università di Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna (Italy), Fax + 39 0512091695, e-mail: amartell@biocfarm.unibo.it, IT;(2) School of Pharmacy, Università di Bologna (Italy), IT;(3) Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica del CNR, c/o IOR, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40137 Bologna (Italy), IT;(4) Dipartimento di Morfologia Umana Normale, Università di Trieste, via Manzoni 16, 34138 Trieste (Italy), IT |
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Abstract: | Several independent groups have shown that lipid-dependent signal transduction systems operate in the nucleus and that they
are regulated independently from their membrane and cytosolic counterparts. A sizable body of evidence suggests that nuclear
lipid signaling controls critical biological functions such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Diacylglycerol is a
fundamental lipid second messenger which is produced in the nucleus. The levels of nuclear diacylglycerol fluctuate during
the cell cycle progression, suggesting that such a molecule has important regulatory roles. Most likely, nuclear diacylglycerol
serves as a chemoattractant for some isoforms of protein kinase C that migrate to the nucleus in response to a variety of
agonists. The nucleus also contains diacylglycerol kinases, i.e. the enzymes that, by converting diacylglycerol into phosphatidic
acid, terminate diacylglycerol-dependent events. A number of diacylglycerol kinases encoded by separate genes are present
in the mammalian genome. This review aims at highlighting the different isotypes of diacylglycerol kinases identified at the
nuclear level as well as at discussing their potential function and regulation.
Received 4 December 2001; received after revision 28 January 2002; accepted 31 January 2002 |
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Keywords: | : Diacylglycerol phosphoinositides phosphatidylcholine phosphatidic acid nucleus phospholipase C phospholipase D signal transduction |
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