有机/无机杂化材料与多功能纤维研究进展

有机/无机杂化材料能够实现有机高分子材料与无机材料在纳米或分子水平上的复合,在发挥各自组分特性的同时,体现出特有的协同效应,如新性能、多功能.该原理同样适用于有机/有机杂化体系.随着产业用纤维材料的不断发展,其应用领域也随之拓展,开发新型高分子材料,实现纤维的多功能化成为研究热点.根据纤维多功能化的发展需求,结合有机/无机杂化机理,在分子水平上设计构筑杂化功能材料,采用结构设计、界面构筑的方法建立杂化功能材料与成纤高聚物杂化体系.以成纤高分子的结构设计及凝聚态控制、纳米纤维和低维纳米材料的结构可控制备及其功能化复合为例,简要介绍了有机/无机杂化原理在纤维多功能化方面的研究进展,最后提出了多功能化有机/无机杂化纤维的展望.

Organic-inorganic hybrid material and multifunctional fibers

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials can achieve the multi-scale composites of organic polymers and inorganic materials in the nano or molecular level. On one hand, such hybrid materials can exert each component＇s characteristics. On the other hand, they reflect the unique collaboration features, such as new performance and multifunction. This principle can also be implemented in organic-organic hybrid system. With the continuous development of industrial fiber materials, their applications continue to be expanded. The development of new polymer materials to achieve multifunctional fibers has become a hot topic. According to the requirement of multifunctional fibers development, researchers try to build hybrid functional materials at the molecular level, build hybrid functional materials system and fiber-forming polymer hybrid system using the methods of structural design and construct interface combining with the organic-inorganic hybrid mechanism. This paper takes the structural design and condensed control of fiber-forming polymers, the structure-controllable preparation of nano-fibers and low-dimensional nano-fibers for example, introducing the research progress of organic-inorganic hybrid principles in the aspect of multi-functional fibers. Finally, it prospects the development of multifunctional organic-inorganic hybrid fibers.