铁路行车人因事故分析及对策

以某铁路局2001~2005年行车人因事故为研究对象,将人为失误分为遗漏差错、代办差错、无关行动、顺序差错和时间差错五类,并进行数据统计、分析,发现代办差错和遗漏差错是人为失误的主要类型.通过人为失误与主要原因的关联分析,发现教育培训、信息沟通和组织管理对代办差错影响较高,组织管理对代办差错的贡献率最高;遗漏差错与作业、运行程序和设计原因有关,运行程序影响最大.对人因事故发生的根原因分析表明,代办差错最主要原因是基本操作能力差、违章和盲目蛮干,遗漏差错主要原因是粗心大意、互监控不到位.最后从人机系统优化设计、加强管理以及建立人因数据库三个方面提出改善对策.

Analysis of Human Factor Accidents in Railway Operation and Countermeasures

Based on the data of train operation accidents from 2001 to 2005 provided by a railway administration.The human errors were categorized into five types,i.e.omission,agent,disorder sequence and timing.By data processing statistically and data analysis,it was found that the main types of human error are the agent error and omission error.With correlation analysis made between human errors and their main causes,it was also found that the education,training and information communication especially the organizat...