某典型闪锌矿氧压浸出高硫渣工艺矿物学研究

锌冶炼高硫渣是锌氧压浸出工艺产出的危险废渣，由于矿相复杂，工艺矿物学研究不深入，导致其安全利用处置难度大.因此，采用化学分析、X射线衍射、工艺矿物学等研究手段对国内典型高硫渣进行了详细研究.结果表明:高硫渣中主要矿物为单质硫、闪锌矿、黄铁矿，以及微量的石英、云母、锌矾、铁矾等成分.高硫渣中硫磺、闪锌矿、黄铁矿等矿物间相互交织共生，赋存形式多样，且多数矿物均以单质硫磺作为镶嵌基底，高硫渣中单质硫磺、闪锌矿、黄铁矿的粒度偏细，大部分集中在74μm以下.因此促使单质硫磺粒度增大以及提高硫磺与其余矿物间解离度是提高高硫渣中有价元素综合回收的关键.

Study on Process Mineralogy of Typical Sphalerite Ore Pressure Leaching High Sulfur Residues

Zinc smelting high sulfur residues is a dangerous waste residue produced by the zinc oxygen pressure leaching process. Due to the complex mineral phase and the lack of in-depth research on process mineralogy， it is difficult to safely utilize and dispose of high sulfur residues. The domestic typical high sulfur residue was studied in detail by chemical analysis， X-ray diffraction， process mineralogy and other research methods. The results show that the main minerals in high sulfur residues are elemental sulfur， sphalerite， pyrite， as well as trace amounts of quartz， muscovite， zinc vitriol and iron vitriol， etc. The minerals such as sulfur， sphalerite and pyrite in high sulfur residues are intertwined and symbiotic with each other in various forms， and most of the minerals use elemental sulfur as the inlaid base. The particle size of elemental sulfur， sphalerite and pyrite in high sulfur residues is fine， mostly concentrated below 74μm. Therefore， increasing the particle size of elemental sulfur and the dissociation degree between sulfur and other minerals are the keys to improving the comprehensive recovery of valuable elements in high sulfur residues.