考虑多个子群意见的多要素大群体决策方法

针对存在多个子群的多要素大群体决策问题，提出一种决策分析方法.首先，依据参与决策的个体针对方案构成要素的排序，计算各要素针对各参与个体的borda分值.其次，构建要素针对各子群的平均borda分值向量，再将其归一化后作为针对各子群的虚拟方案.然后，考虑到各子群的评估一致性存在差异，计算各子群的权重.进一步地，计算各虚拟方案与各备选方案之间的贴近度，并将其与各子群权重相集结，得到针对各备选方案的综合贴近度，并据此对备选方案进行排序.最后，通过一个考虑公众意愿的城市公园设计方案选择问题的算例说明了所提出方法的可用性.

Method for Large Group Decision-Making with Multiple Elements Considering Multiple Subgroup Opinions

A decision analysis method is proposed for large group decision-making with multiple elements. Firstly， the borda score of each element for each participant is calculated according to the rankings of the constituent elements of the alternatives by the individuals participating in decision-making. Secondly， the average borda score vector of each subgroup is constructed and normalized as a virtual alternative for each subgroup. Then， the weight of each subgroup is calculated considering the differences in the consensus of evaluations of each subgroup. Furthermore， the similarity degree between each virtual solution and each alternative is calculated and aggregated with the weight of each subgroup to obtain the comprehensive similarity degree for each alternative， and then the alternative is ranked accordingly. Finally， the feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated by an example of urban park design alternative selection considering the public will.