沈阳市经济发展的环境压力

基于生态足迹方法结合社会代谢物质流及相关指标,构建反映区域经济的综合环境压力模型.应用该模型对沈阳市1991—2005年的环境压力进行计算.结果表明:沈阳市生态足迹总量在2000年后快速上升,可见经济的高速增长是以环境压力(资源消耗)的高速增加为代价的.总足迹构成中,碳足迹占总足迹的66%~80%,直接足迹占20%~34%.可见,沈阳市环境压力的主要矛盾是碳排放,因此,应该把提高经济运行的碳效率、降低碳排放看做一项长远的重要任务.改善能源供给结构和调整产业结构是降低碳排放、提高碳效率的主要途径.

Environmental Pressure of Shenyang＇s Economic Development

A model based on the ecological footprint has been developed to reflect the aggregate environmental pressure of a regional economy with combining the material flow analysis of societal metabolism and some related indicators. It was used to calculate the environmental pressure of Shenyang in the period of 1991-2005. The results showed that the total ecological footprint of Shenyang had been rapidly increasing after 2000, indicating that the fast economic growth is achieved at the cost of a high increase in environmental pressure (i.e. resource consumption). Of the total ecological footprint, 66%~80% is carbon footprint and 20%~34% is direct footprint. Therefore, the principal aspect of Shenyang's environmental pressure is carbon emission. Raising the carbon efficiency in the economic development and reducing carbon emission should be the main focus in the long run. To improve the energy supply structure and reform the industrial structure are the main measures for reducing carbon emission and raising carbon efficiency.