零售商风险规避下差异化渠道的三层供应链协调

考虑市场需求不确定时零售商的风险规避问题，研究在制造商主导的三层单渠道分销的供应链中零售商的最优订购策略、分销商的定价均衡和制造商的定价策略.然后增加一个提供回购契约的分销商，研究在零售商双重采购和制造商差异化双渠道分销的三层供应链中风险规避型零售商的最优订购策略、两个相互竞争的分销商和制造商的定价策略.通过决策对比分析，建立基于差异化双重分销渠道的三层供应链的协调机制.研究结果表明，与单渠道供应链相比，差异化双重分销渠道的形成可以使供应链成员的收益均得到增加，实现供应链的帕累托改进，且帕累托区域的位置与范围受到零售商风险规避程度的影响.

Three-Tier Supply Chain Coordination Based on the Differentiated Channels Under the Risk Aversion of Retailers

Considering the risk aversion of retailers in the face of uncertain market demands， in the three-tier supply chain of manufacturer-dominated single-channel distribution， the retailer’s optimal ordering strategy， the distributor’s pricing equilibrium and the manufacturer’s pricing strategy were studied. Further， a reseller who provides a repurchase contract was added into the supply chain， and in the three-tier supply chain of retailers’ dual procurement and manufacturers’ differentiated dual-channel distribution， the optimal ordering strategy of a risk-averse retailer and pricing strategy of two competing distributors and a manufacturer were studied. Through the comparative analysis of decisions， a coordination mechanism that benefits all members of the three-tier supply chain with differentiated dual distribution channels was established. The research results show that， compared with the single-channel supply chain， the differentiated dual-channel supply chain can achieve Pareto improvement， which increases the benefits of supply chain members， and the Pareto region will be affected by the degree of retailers’ risk aversion.