环境湿度影响受限空间池火的实验

为了分析高湿环境下火灾发展和烟气蔓延的复杂性和不确定性，本文搭建了3.6m×1.2m×1.4m的受限空间实验模型，以直径600mm的酒精作为火源，在室温(20±2)℃和相对湿度［(30%~90%)±5%］范围内调整受限空间环境条件，测试模型空间内燃料的质量损失速率、池火火焰温度、上部热烟气层平均温度、火焰对周围环境的热辐射、地面接收到的热辐射、火焰根部O₂浓度、烟气中CO₂浓度等参数，分析不同环境湿度条件下受限空间池火的发展规律.实验结果表明，常温条件下，环境湿度达到90%左右时，燃料的质量损失速率、火焰对周围环境的热辐射、火焰温度和上部热烟气层平均温度均显著下降，火灾旺盛阶段持续时间延长，熄灭阶段温降梯度减小.因此，常温环境中，相对湿度90%的高湿条件下池火的发展和蔓延会受到显著抑制.

Experiment on the Effect of Environmental Humidity on the Pool Fire in Confined Space

In order to analyze the complexity and uncertainty of fire development and smoke spreading in highly humid confined space， a 3.6m × 1.2m × 1.4m experimental model was set up， using a 600mm diameter alcohol pool as the fire source. Experimental ambient temperature was (20±2)℃， while the relative humidity was changed from 30% to 90% with 5% error. Several parameters were measured to analyze the pool fire development under different environmental humidity conditions， including the mass loss rate of fuel， the maximum flame temperature， the average temperature of upper hot smoke layer， the radiant heat from the flame， the radiant heat received by the ground， the O₂ concentration near the flame root and the CO₂ concentration in the smoke. The results showed that when the relative humidity reached about 90%， the mass loss rate of fuel， the maximum flame temperature， the average temperature of the upper hot smoke layer， the radiant heat from the flame and the radiant heat received by the ground decrease significantly. Also， the duration of the developing stage of fire was prolonged， and the temperature dropping gradient in the extinction stage decreases. In conclusion， with a normal temperature and high relative humidity of 90%， the development and spread of pool fire is significantly inhibited.