2001-2014年乌审旗生态系统服务变化分析

生态系统服务是指生态系统形成和所维持的人类赖以生存和发展的环境条件与效用。选择内蒙古典型草原地带沙地区乌审旗为研究区,选取反映生态系统供给、调节和支持服务的牲畜头数、粮食产量、水源涵养、土壤保持和净初级生产力5个服务指标,使用InVEST模型和多种模型,测算该地区2001-2014年生态系统服务的时空变化特征。研究发现:除水源涵养服务减少外,乌审旗生态系统服务从2001-2014年呈增加趋势;且不同生态系统服务指标间存在着不同权衡与协同的关系,净初级生产力服务与土壤保持服务和水源涵养服务间分别存在着协同与权衡的关系,供给服务和净初级生产力之间存在着条件权衡关系。

The Change Analysis of Ecosystem Services in Uxin Banner from 2001 to 2014

Ecosystem services are the environmental conditions and effects of the formation of the ecosystem and the survival and development of the human being. Located in sandy land area of typical steppe zone in Inner Mongolia, Uxin Banner (equal to county) was selected as study area in this paper. Five indicators which reflected the ecosystem supply, regulation and support services including livestock number, grain yield, water yield, soil conservation and net primary productivity (NPP) of ESs were chosen to evaluate and determinate the spatio-temporal variation of ecosystem services by InVEST and other models in Uxin from 2001 to 2014. The results showed that: 1) ESs of Uxin showed an increasing trend from 2001 to 2014, except for water yield which revealed an opposite one; 2) The relationship of trade-offs and synergies of ESs existed among those indicators. Relationship of NPP and soil conservation and water yield show synergies and trade-offs respectively, while provisioning services and NPP had a conditional trade-off relationship.