铁路轨道几何状态检测系统的研制

为了解决铁路轨道几何状态检测中遇到的检测基准问题，研制了一个采用无衍射激光作为检测基准的检测系统。系统采用装有CCD摄像机和倾斜传感器的检测小车沿轨道移动，在待检测位置摄取与轨道基本平行的无衍射激光图像，经图像处理获取激光图像的中心坐标，结合倾斜传感器测出的倾斜角度，计算出轨道的几何状态。介绍了检测系统的结构。详细讨论了检测原理。分析了系统误差。用波长658nm的激光器，640×480像素摄像机，光靶分辨率为0．1172mm／像素，在25m处摄取50幅图像，标准偏差横向为0．216mm，纵向为0．219mm。系统已获得工程应用，取得了满意的结果。

Development of Railway Track Geometry State Inspecting System

In order to resolve the problem of inspecting datum encountered in railway track geometry inspection, an inspecting system using non -diffraction laser as inspecting datum is developed. A chariot on which a CCD camera and an inclinometer are mounted is moved along the track. At an inspected position a non - diffraction image of the laser, beam of which is basically parallel to the track＇ is obtained by the camera. The coordinate of the image center is obtained by image processing. The track geometry state is then calculated with the angle of inclination measured by the inclinometer. The structure of the system is presented. The inspecting method is discussed in detail and the error of the system is analyzed. The experiment shows that the standard deviation is 0. 216 mm for x, 0. 219 mm for y, with a camera （640 ×480 pixels and 0. 1172 mm/pixel as resolution of the target） at distance of 25m and 50 samples. The system has been used in applications and satisfactory results is obtained.