重点生态功能区净碳汇时空格局研究

重点生态功能区是我国生态固碳的主要区域,在“双碳”目标下研究区域净碳汇时空格局具有重要意义。本研究基于县域空间单元,利用土地利用数据和中国碳核算数据库,对重点生态功能区选取的751个区县的碳汇、碳排放以及净碳汇的时空格局进行了分析,主要得出以下结论：（1）重点生态功能区碳汇量占比超过全国一半以上,在我国生态固碳中的地位显著而突出,且区域碳汇量表现出明显的集聚特征,东北森林带、藏西北、藏东南等地年固碳水平较高,而东南部沿海、黄土高原、华北平原等地固碳水平较低。（2）2000年以来重点生态功能区碳排放量在内蒙古、黄土高原、新疆部分地区以及中东部沿海城市群集聚,排放量也呈现增加的趋势。（3）重点生态功能区碳收支平衡压力相对最小,大兴安岭地区和青藏高原为明显的连片净碳汇区,然而大部分三北地带净碳汇为负值。在双碳目标下,一方面需要强化排放侧管理,另一方面需要加强生态固碳能力建设。

Research on the Spatiotemporal Pattern of Net Carbon Sinks in Key Ecological Functional Areas

The key ecological function areas are the main areas of ecological carbon sequestration in China, and it is of great significance to study the spatial and temporal patterns of regional net carbon sinks under the "dual carbon" goal. Based on the county space unit, this paper uses land use data and China carbon accounting database to analyze the temporal and spatial patterns of carbon sinks, carbon emissions and net carbon sinks in 751 districts and counties selected from key ecological function areas. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The carbon sinks of key ecological function areas account for more than half of the country, and they play a prominent and prominent role in China''s ecological carbon sequestration, and the regional carbon sinks show obvious agglomeration characteristics. The annual carbon sequestration level is high, while the carbon sequestration level in the southeastern coast, Loess Plateau, and North China Plain is low. (2) Since 2000, the carbon emissions of key ecological function areas have accumulated in Inner Mongolia, Loess Plateau, parts of Xinjiang, and coastal cities in the central and eastern regions, and the emissions have also shown an increasing trend. (3) The carbon balance pressure of key ecological function areas is relatively the smallest. The Greater Khingan Mountains and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are obvious contiguous net carbon sink areas. However, most of the key ecological function areas in the Three North Zones are negative net carbon sink areas. Under the dual carbon goal, the region needs to strengthen emission-side management on the one hand, and ecological carbon sequestration capacity building on the other hand.