土地质量地球化学调查服务生态农业与生态文明建设的实践与思考

我国的农业发展经过了高产农业阶段和绿色农业阶段,目前已经逐步进入功能农业阶段。自然资源部中国地质调查局开展的土地质量地球化学调查在资源与环境领域发挥了重大作用。我们首先介绍了土地质量地球化学调查工作的产生背景和现状,简要总结了其在服务生态文明建设和功能农业方面的进展和成果:（1）发现大批优质特色富硒土地资源,积极服务乡村振兴;（2）查明符合国家质量标准的绿色、无污染耕地,服务生态农业发展;（3）估算主要农耕区土壤碳库变化,服务全球气候变化决策。同时阐述了面临的困难和存在的问题,并提出建议和对策。在向第二个一百年的奋斗目标前行迈进的重要历史时刻,做好土地质量地球化学调查和功能农业工作对于促进农业经济发展,解决"三农"问题具有重要的意义。

Theory and Practice of Geochemical Survey of Land Quality Project Serving for Ecological Agriculture and Ecological Civilization Construction

After high-yield agriculture and green agriculture, functional agriculture has been swiftly developed in China. The Geochemical Survey of Land Quality is a major project implemented by the China Geological Survey of the Ministry of Natural Resources and has played a significant role in the field of resources and environment, especially agriculture development, after more than 22 years. We firstly introduce the background and current situation of the Geochemical Survey of Land Quality Project, briefly summarize the progress and achievements of the geochemical survey in serving the construction of ecological civilization and ecological agriculture, as a large number of high-quality characteristic selenium-rich land resources have been discovered to actively serve rural revitalization; green and pollution-free arable land meeting national quality standards have been identified to serve ecological agriculture development; changes in soil carbon pools in major farming areas have been estimated to serve global climate change decision-making Then we elaborate the difficulties and problems faced, and put forward suggestions and countermeasures. At this historical juncture when we are moving toward the second century goal, it is important to put forward geochemical survey of land quality and functional agriculture to solve the "Agriculture, Rural areas and Farmers " problems.