美青年科学家培养机制问题及政策建议

美国政府历来非常重视青年科学家的培养工作,陆续出台了一系列重量级资助奖励政策和制度,形成了比较完善的青年科学家培养长效机制,此举促使了美国在科技、经济和社会等各个领域高速发展。但光环的背后也存有缺陷,近期由美国艺术与科学院发表的报告显示,美国青年科学家的培养面临着一些严峻的问题,有些问题甚至积重难返,分析了问题现状,并据此对政府和科研机构提出了相关建设性的政策建议。

The problems and recommendations for the training mechanism of the the early-career seientists of America

U.S.government always attaches great importance to the cultivation of the early-career scientists,and has promulgated a series of important regulations for rewards and formed a effective mechanism in cultivating the early-career scientists,which promote America to stand a chance in the fields of science and technology,economy,society and so on.However,as a coin has always two sides,there also exist some problems in the training mechanism of the the early-career scientists of America.For instance,a report published by American Academy of Arts and Sciences recently reveals some serious problems,some of which have accumulated over the years and cannot be resolved overnight.The paper analyzes the problems and the possible reasons,and puts forward some relevant recommendations for U.S.government,the scientific research institutions and other stakeholders.