否定证据加速类别归纳证据积累并降低反应标准

最近的研究揭示否定证据促进了基于类别的归纳力度判断,但忽略了增加否定证据时,归纳反应时和判断标准的变化,为验证该结论,分别在具体结论(实验1)和一般结论(实验2)2种结论类型下采用2(前提:基线、增加否定证据)×2(结论:一致、不一致)被试内设计,观察增加否定证据对结论判断力度、反应时和判断标准的影响.研究发现增加否定证据提高了归纳力度;同时,进一步发现无论是具体结论还是一般结论条件下,增加否定证据均缩短了结论判断的反应时并降低了判断标准,为线性弹道积累模型提供了证据支持.

Negative Evidence Accelerates Evidence Accumulation and Reduces Response Bias during Category-Based Induction

Recent studies have revealed that negative evidence promotes category-based induction judgments, but ignores changes in reaction times and response criteria when adding negative evidence. In this study 2 (premise:baseline, add negative evidence)×2(conclusion:congruent condition, incongruent condition) within-subject experiment design have been used, and the response strength, reaction times and judgment criterion of conclusion been observed. In accordance with the previous research results, this study found that the increase of negative evidence enhanced the response strength. At the same time, this study further found that under both specific and general conclusions, the increase of negative evidence shortens the reaction time and reduces the criterion of conclusion judgment. The results provide evidence for Linear Ballistic Accumulation Model (the LBA Model).