大学生运动风险感知现状及对其体育消费的影响

为构建一个有效、可靠的大学生运动参与风险感知及体育消费的关联模型,并探讨两者之间的关系,在查阅大量国内外相关文献基础上,设计了大学生运动参与风险感知及体育消费测量表,以西南地区成、渝两地大学生为调查对象,针对其运动风险感知与体育消费现状展开调查,并运用探索性与验证性因子分析方法对所获数据进行处理.结果显示:运动风险感知测量表具有很好的测量效度、信度及区分度;时间风险、身体风险、财政风险对大学生体育消费有显著负面效应,表现风险有显著正向效应,心理风险则对体育消费无影响;大学生运动参与风险存在性别、学校级别、家庭经济及父母教育水平上差异具有统计学意义,其中男性的心理风险与表现风险高于女性,重点大学学生的时间风险、表现风险高于一般本科学生,高收入家庭学生拥有更高的时间风险与表现风险及更低的财政风险,父母教育水平高的学生,时间风险及身体风险最大、财政风险越低.结论:风险感知影响大学生的体育消费,关注大学生运动参与风险,正确诱导其正面及负面影响作用,这对于促进大学生体育消费有着重要的参考价值.

Research on the Current Situation of College Student Sports Risk Perception and Its Influence on Sports Consumption

By means of constructing a relative effective and reliable measurement scale between College Students'' sports participation risk perception and sports consumption and explore the relationship between them, and on the basis of consulting a large number of domestic and foreign related research, the paper designed the risk perception of College Students'' sports participation and the measurement of sports consumption, taking the college students in Southwest China and Chongqing as the investigation object, to investigate the sports risk perception and the status of sports consumption, and the data was processed by using of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods. The validity, reliability, and discrimination of risk perception measurement scale are very good; the time risk, body risk, finance risk have significantly negative effects on sports consumption in college students, the performance risk has significantly positive effects, and psychological risk has no effects on sports consumption; the sports participation risk in college students has significantly variation on gender, grade, household economic status and parents'' educational background, among which the psychological risk and performance risk in males are higher than that in females, the time risk and performance risk of college students in key universities are higher than that in ordinary universities, the college students in higher income families have higher time risk and performance risk, and lower finance risk. The college students whose parents have higher education levels have the highest time risk and body risk, and the finance risk are the lowest. It is concluded that risk perception affects college students'' sports consumption, perceiving the risk of College Students'' sports participation, and correctly inducing their positive and negative effects, which is of great reference value for promoting college students'' sports consumption.