青少年体育锻炼行为及影响因素的实证分析

为探索青少年体育锻炼行为改变的规律与特征,从而为有效的健康行为干预措施提供可靠的现实性依据,从锻炼动机、自我效能、价值判断、锻炼阶段行为阶段、体育课程、学校条件、家庭影响几个方面对重庆市7所中学的1700名学生进行了问卷调查,结果显示:学生锻炼行为各阶段的分布情况为:前意向阶段n=122(8.1%),意向阶段n=147(9.7%),准备阶段n=719(47.7%),行动阶段n=246(16.3%),保持阶段n=273(18.1%).方差分析表明,不同锻炼行为阶段组的个体在观察变量上存在明显不同;回归分析显示,锻炼水平、锻炼效能、动机水平、价值判断、家庭因素、身体效能和课程因素可显著预测初中生的锻炼行为,7个变量可解释锻炼行为43.5%的变异量.

On Empirical Analysis of Exercise Behaviors and Determinants of Youth Students

In order to explore physical activity behavior of the youth students ,to change law s and charac-teristics and to provide reliable evidence for effective health behavior interventions , this thesis surveys 1508 students from 7 junior high schools in Chongqing from aspects of exercise level ,motivation ,self-effi-cacy ,value judgment ,stage of change ,physical education curriculum ,school environment and home envi-ronment that influence exercise behavior of the students .Distribution of the sample across the stages is precontemplation ,n=122 (8 .1% );contemplation ,n=147 (9 .7% );preparation ,n=719 (47 .7% );ac-tion ,n=246 (16 .3% );and maintenance ,n=273(18 .1% ) .Analysis of variance shows that the differ-ences between stages are significant in variables studied .Regression analysis has also revealed that seven variables of exercise level ,exercise self-efficacy ,motivation ,value judgments ,family ,physical self-effica-cy and PE curriculum can significantly predict the exercise behavior of middle school students ,and 7 varia-bles account for 43 .5% variance of exercise behavior .