水稻杂种一代优势规律的初步研究

<正> 在农业生产上,杂种优势的利用是一项有效的增产途径。近几年来,我国水稻杂种利用的研究取得了显著成绩,但怎样进一步选育出早、丰、抗、优的新组合,在理论和实践上都没有很好的解决。为了给选育杂交水稻新组合提供理论依据,现将1981年的实验结果分析如下。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HETEROSIS REGULARITY OF F_1 HYBRID IN RICE.

In recont years the study on heterosis regularity of F_1hybrid in rice has been paid great attention to by rice breeders and geneticists in China.According to the result of our experiment in 1981.preliminary conclusion may be put up as follows:1.In the fourteen groups of the present experiments,although the dominatof the heterosis of different characters is quite various,it turns out according tothe analysis of them that in comparison with the parental heterosis,thedominant of F_1 shows mainly in the grain weight per piant,height of theplant,ear length and grain number per ear.Among the four aspects thedominant of the grain eight per plant is the strongest.In the period ofheading the heterosis appears in negative direction.All the groups of the experiment are lower than the high-yield parents.Most of grain fertility arelower than the parents,too.Thelooo-kernel weight is mostly higher than themean value of the parents.2.By analyzing the present fourteen groups in the experiments we cansee:among them there are four groups that show their dominant of the heterousof F_1hybrid,mamely:Liyu57,Taiyu57,Liming Ax76-C37-10 and DiunnuengNo 1 AxC57-2.3.According to the analysis of the corretation and the regression it turnsout that There is obvious correlation between characters of plant height,ear length,ear number per plant of F_1 hybrid and the mean value of the parents.The coefficient of the correlation and egression is very visible.So thevariational range of F_1hybrid can be extimated according to the average ofthe arents.There is no visible correlation between parents and progeniesin other five characters:grain number per ar,grain weight per plant,grainfertility,looo-kernel weight and the period of heading.whether the estimationcan be one ccording to the mean value of the parents needs further study.