ARTP辐照对两色金鸡菊种子诱变的生物学效应

ARTP(常压室温等离子体)作为一种新型安全高效的生物诱变育种手段,已成功应用于微生物的育种研究,在植物上的应用刚刚起步.本研究首次采用ARTP处理两色金鸡菊(Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.)种子,研究其对种子萌发、幼苗生长、花形和品质的影响,以期获得观赏价值大、品质好的诱变品系.结果表明:(1)与对照相比,不同时间(7.50～37.50min)的ARTP辐照提高了两色金鸡菊种子的发芽势和发芽率,辐照22.50min时其发芽势(80.00%)和发芽率(86.70%)达最大;不同时间的ARTP辐照也不同程度地增加了其幼苗的最大冠幅、叶片数量、叶柄长度、叶面积,以22.50min的辐照效果最好.(2)ARTP辐照种子22.50min后,其大部分植株最大花径明显增加、舌状花红褐色区域明显增大,13.33%的植株舌状花瓣数增多(Tm)、6.67%的植株雄蕊瓣化(Ts)、6.67%的植株舌状花管状化(似喇叭状)(Tt);部分植株花朵总黄酮、绿原酸和木犀草苷成分增加,其中Tt植株不仅花形发生变化且活性成分也有所提高.ARTP诱变有望成为两色金鸡菊育种的新途径.

Biological effect of ARTP irradiation on mutagenesis of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.

ARTP(Atmospheric and room temperature plasma)irradiation has been widely used in the breeding of microorganisms as a new,safe and efficient biological mutation breeding method.Its application in plants has just been started.In this study,the seeds of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.were irradiated by ARTP for the first time.After irradiation,the change of seed germination,seedling growth,flower shape and quality were studied.The study's purpose to generate mutant strains with improved ornamental value and flower quality.The results showed that:(1)Compared with the control,the different ARTP irradiation time(7.50-37.50min)improved the germination potential and germination rate of Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.seeds,the maximal value of 80.00% and 86.70% at 22.50 min,respectively;the maximum crown length,the number of leaves,the length of petiole and the area of leaf increased with the extension of ARTP irradiation time,and the effect was the best at 22.50 min.(2)After 22.50 min of ARTP irradiation,the maximum flower diameter and the red brown area of ligulate flowers(Tr)of most plants increased significantly;the number of ligulate flowers petals of 13.33% plants was increased(Tm),stamens of6.67% plants were petaloid(Ts)and ligulate flower of 6.67% plants became trumpet-shaped(Tt);contents of flavonoids,chlorogenic acid and galuteolin in some plants' flowers were increased,especially in the Tt plants,not only the flower shape was changed but also the active components were increased.ARTP irradiation is expected to become a new way of breeding for Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.