数控机床可用性研究综述

数控机床可用性是可靠性、维修性和维修保障性的综合反映,是用户最为关心的一个特性。它不仅受数控机床功能故障的影响,也受诸如精度退化、性能波动、漏油等性能故障的影响,因此,孤立地研究国产数控机床的可靠性（功能故障）不足以维持产品的“可用好用状态”。分析了国产数控机床可用性的现状及研究意义,对数控机床可用性建模方法和数控机床维修决策方法的国内外研究现状进行了阐述,总结了数控机床可用性研究存在的问题和发展动态,对基于元动作单元的数控机床可用性系统化建模和以可用性为中心的数控机床主动维修决策两个亟需解决的关键科学问题提出了见解,以期为数控机床可用性研究提供思路。

Research summary of the usability of CNC machine tools

The usability of CNC machine tools is a comprehensive reflection of reliability, maintainability and supportability, which is also a feature that users concern about mostly. It is affected not only by the function failures of CNC machine tools, but also by the performance failures, such as precision degradation, performance fluctuation, oil leakage and so on. So separated research on reliability is not enough to maintain the "usable and easy-to-use state" of domestic CNC machine tools. The present situation and research significance of domestic CNC machine tools'' usability are analyzed. The research status of usability modeling method and maintenance decision method at home and abroad are expounded. Then the problems and developments existing in usability research of CNC machine tools are summarized. Finally, the understanding of two key scientific problems in urgent need of research are put forward, including systematic modeling for the usability based on meta-action unit and active maintenance decision centered on usability of CNC machine tools, which might provide ideas for the usability research of CNC machine tools.