黄河三角洲土壤动物群落多样性和相似性

本文对黄河三角洲土壤动物群落多样性和相似性进行系统分析，探讨成土年限、植被类型对土壤动物群落演替的影响．研究结果表明，黄河三角洲土壤环境条件恶劣，土壤动物种类贫乏，且优势类群明显，群落异质性差，土壤动物群落的多样性较低，多样性指数不及最大多样性指数的二分之一．农田生态系统则因为人类的活动而改善了土壤环境，土壤动物的种类和数量均有所增加，多样性较高．11个样点、3个年代三角洲或6种植被类型之间土壤动物群落相似性较高，土壤含盐量是影响土壤动物最为重要的环境因子．随成土年限或植物群落演替，土壤动物群落在较高分类阶元上未能表现出明显的演替过程，有必要对土壤动物的分类进一步细化．

THE ANALYSIS OF DIVERSITY AND SIMILARITY FOR SOIL ANIMAL COMMUNITY IN THE YELLOW RIVER DELTA

The diversity and similarity of soil animal community in the Yellow River Delta was investigated to analysis the effects of different vegetation type and the soil formation age on the succession process of soil animal community. The results showed that the soil environment conditions of the Yellow River Delta were poor. Meanwhile, the biodiversity of soil animals was low, which was less than the half of maximum diversity, due to the less soil animal species, the poor community heterogeneity and the apparent dominant groups. However, the soil animal species number and quantity were higher in farm land. It was suggested that the human activity in farmland improved the soil environment. The similarity of soil animal communities among 11 sampling sites, 3 ages and 6 vegetation habitats is higher. Soil salinity is the most important environmental factor for soil animal community. With the increase of the soil formation age or plant community＇s succession, soil animal community failed to show a clear succession process on a higher taxon. Therefore, it is necessary to further refine the classification of soil animals in the Yellow River Delta.