深松覆盖对土壤性状及冬小麦产量的影响

在大田试验条件下,研究了深松覆盖、一次深翻、免耕覆盖、传统耕作对土壤性状和洛阳9769叶面积指数、干物质积累、产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明:深松覆盖能显著降低土壤容重,有效打破耕作犁底层,增加土壤通透性,土壤有机质和氮、磷、钾含量明显高于传统耕作,特别是对上层土壤全氮及碱解氮和深层土壤的有效磷及速效钾的影响更为明显,并能显著提高灌浆中后期叶面积指数,有效延缓植株衰老,促进植株和籽粒干物质积累。与传统耕作相比,成熟期小麦干物质积累量提高7．35％,千粒重提高4．37％,产量提高 9．26％。

Effects of Subsoiling and Mulch Tillage on Soil Properties and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat

The effects of four different tillage treatments on soil physical properties, LAI, dry matter partitioning, yield components and grain yield of winter wheat were determined. The results showed that with subsoiling tillage, the soil bulk density decreased noticeably, and the content of organic matter as well as N, P, and K was evidently higher than that under conventional tillage. Besides, the whole N and alkali solution N in upper soil layer and the available P and soon-effect K in deeper soil layer were more evidently affected. The LAI was obviously improved in the later filling stage, and the dry matter partitioning was promoted, too. Compared with conventional tillage, the dry matter partitioning of every spick under subsoiling tillage were 7.35% higher in the ripe stage, and the 1000-kernel weight and the grain yield were 4.37 % and 9 .26% higher respectively.