关于刘节斋逐利玛窦出肇庆的动机——刘承范《利玛窦传》读后(二)

关于两广总督刘节斋驱逐利玛窦出肇庆的原因,利玛窦本人先后列举了三点:其一,刘节斋欲占据僊花寺而建立自己的生祠;其二,刘节斋顾忌外国人在肇庆,担心他们刺探军情,从而不利于国家安全;其三,刘节斋为获取黄白术秘密而迫使利玛窦移居它处。根据刘承范《利玛窦传》,刘明强和黎玉琴否认第一点而肯定第二点,也与其他学者一样忽视了第三点。由于刘节斋迷信黄白术而利玛窦享有黄白术盛名,刘节斋更可能是为获取黄白术秘密而将利玛窦逐出肇庆,但目的地不是澳门而是韶州。

On the Motivation of Matteo Ricci was Expelled by Liu Jiezhai in Zhaoqing City

As to the reasons why Liu Jiezhai, the Governor of Provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi, expelled Matteo Ricci from Zhaoqing, Ricci himself explained in three different ways： firstly, Liu Jiezhai desired to use Zhaoqing residence for establishing his life-time temple; secondly, Liu Jiezhai feared the presence of foreigners in Zhaiqing would harm national security; thirdly, Liu Jiezhai tried to know from Matteo the secret of alchemy. Based on Biography of Matteo Ricci by Liu Chengfan, Liu Mingqiang and Li Yuqin confirm the second reason while negate the first one, and both of them ignore the third reason, just like other scholars. This paper tries to testify that,because Liu Jiezhai was mad for alchemy and Ricci was very famous for it, it is most probably that for this reason that Liu Jiezhai expelled Ricci out of Zhaoqing, and he sent Ricci not to Macao but to Shaozhou.