采煤塌陷地土壤氮、磷季节性变化规律研究

以兖州煤矿塌陷地为研究对象,通过分层采集不同水文期的土壤样品,研究塌陷地积水区和非积水区氮、磷变化规律。结果表明,在季节性积水区一个水文年内,土壤中氮元素发生流失现象,全氮流失率达10.03%,碱解氮流失率达30.15%;全磷、速效磷发生沉积聚集现象,其中速效磷的积聚更明显。在非积水区,由于塌陷加剧土壤养分的表聚作用,促使全氮和碱解氮的流失减少。而全磷发生流失,流失率为15.24%。在垂向上,丰水期各指标含量减少的梯度平水期的梯度枯水期的梯度,在0~40cm深度,碱解氮流失率最高为50.6%,速效磷流失率最高为38.11%,在40~60cm变化幅度较小,在60cm深度之下,各指标逐渐成汇聚状态。判定60cm深度为土壤养分的塌陷影响深度。

Seasonal Changes of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

Taking coal mining subsidence area in Yanzhou city as an example,and collecting different period soil sam- pies,the soils of waterlogged and non-water area are tested to research the changes of nitrogen and phosphorus. Re suits show that： in the seasonal waterlogged area,there is big loss of soil nitrogen in a hydrological year,and the loss rate of total nitrogen is up to 10. 03% ,available nitrogen is up to 30.15%. Moreover,total phosphorus and rapid available phosphorus deposited, and the latter is more serious. In the non-water area, accumulation of nutrient exacer- bates for collapse in the soil surface, the loss rate of total and available nitrogen decreases. But there is a certain de- gree of loss of total phosphorus,and the loss rate is 15.24~. In the vertical direction, the change of soil nutrient is biggest in wet season, and is smallest in dry season in a hydrological year. The loss of available nitrogen is up to 50.6% ,and rapidly available phosphorus is 38.11% in the depth of 0--40 cm. In the depth of 40--60cm,the change of soil is small. Then there is a trend of convergence under the depth of 60 era,so it is estimated the effective depth.