《厦门志》与《金门志》岁时风俗差异分析

互参《厦门志》与《金门志》两书“风俗记”之岁时礼俗，发现厦金两地除二、三、六、八、九与十一月之俗尚大致相同外，还存有十一处差异。一为元旦，两地粪土出户之日三五有别；二为人日，食七宝羹已不在金门盛行；三为正月初九，厦因华侈而多见富家演剧之俗；四为立春，厦书“春”或“福寿”字，金无；五为上元，厦地“跳火”去病除疾，金地“烧旧灯篝”承祭告礼；六为四月八日，厦有浴佛之会，金则未记；七为端午，厦五色龙船竞渡，金画八卦、书对联、燃磺烟等；八为七月三十，金“关地狱门”，厦承七月“普渡”礼；九为十二月初二，厦做“头牙”，金则以二月初二日为“头牙”；十为十二月二十，厦“扫尘”，金不记；十一为除夕，厦重春帖之祥寿，并依灯檠卜晴雨。这些差异均有各自的承袭、分布或流变之依据。

A Study of Different Seasonal Customs Recorded in Xiamen Records and Kinmen Records

We find that there are eleven differences in festive customs between Xiamen Records and Kinmen Records except the similar customs in the 2nd,3rd,6th,8th,9th and 11th month on the lunar calendar. The 1st difference is the length for garbage cleaning in the Chinese Spring Festival,three days for Xiamen and five days for Kinmen.The 2nd is eating Qibao soup on the 7th day of the first lunar month,sustained in Xiamen but no longer popular in Kinmen The 3rd is the performances by many rich people in Xiamen on the 9th day of the first lunar month,which is not the case in Kinmen.The 4th is the square scrolls Chinese characters of Chun (meaning spring） or Fu Shou (meaning happiness and longevity) in Xiamen on the day of Spring and none in Kinmen. The 5th is the celebration of Lantern Festival,when people in Xiamen jumped over fire to get rid of illness and Kinmen residents burned old lamp poles to worship the ancestors.The 6th is the Buddhas Birthday in Xiamen,but not in Kinmen,on 8th of the 4th month on the lunar calendar.The 7th is the Dragon Boat Festival celebration of five color dragon boat race in Xiamen and eight diagram painting,couplets and sulfur burning in Kinmen.The 8th is the event on the 30th of the 7th month on the lunar calendar,knowing as ghost gate closing in Kinmen and Pudu rite for honoring ghosts in Xiamen.The 9th is the date for touya,feast for God of the Earth,which falls on the 2nd day of the 12th lunar month in Xiamen and the 2nd day of the 2nd lunar month in Kinmen.The 10th is house cleaning on the 20th day of the 12th lunar month in Xiamen and none recorded for Kinmen.The 11th and the last is the events on the eve of the lunar new year,which in Xiamen include spring square scrolls for happiness and longevity and weather divination by lamp shade and none recorded for Kinmen.The differences of customs have their basis of inheritance,distribution or change.