潜在生态危害指数法在典型污染行业土壤污染评价中的应用

目前在土壤（底泥）污染物质对环境影响的评价中，Hakanson的潜在生态危害指数法是应用广泛、在国际上影响较大的评价方法之一.以上海为例，对典型污染行业土壤的物理性质、pH值以及重金属污染进行了调查分析，并采用Hakanson的潜在生态危害指数法对土壤重金属污染进行了潜在生态风险研究.研究结果表明，典型污染行业土壤总体上受到了原有生产过程排污的影响，重金属污染主要集中于印染、电池制造、电镀、发电厂以及石油加工等企业；产生潜在生态危害的主要是重金属汞、镉，而铅、铬、锌、镍、砷等重金属多属于轻微危害水平.同时，提出了典型污染行业土壤污染防治的全过程控制对策.

Application of Potential Ecological Risk Index in Soil Pollution of Typical Polluting Industries(Chinese)

The soil pollution characteristics of typical pollution industries in Shanghai were studied from the following aspects: basic physical property, pH, heavy metal pollution. The potential ecological hazards of heavy metal pollution were assessed by Las Hakanson Index. The results indicated that soil of typical pollution industries had been affected by former manufacturing process. The heavy metal pollution distributed in those factories, such as printing and dyeing factories, battery manufacturers, electric plating factories and oil refinery plants. The risk level of heavy metal Hg and Cd were relatively high, and followed by Pb,Cr,Zn,Ni and As. Countermeasures against the soil pollution of typical polluting industries are suggested.