硝酸盐介导底泥硫自养反硝化的过程、效应和应用

底泥黑臭是当前我国城市河道水环境污染中亟待解决的问题.近年来利用硝酸钙促生底泥土著微生物以修复底泥黑臭的原位处理技术受到了不少关注,然而对于该过程中关键的硫自养反硝化反应的研究较为少见.文章介绍了硫自养反硝化反应在环境治理领域的基础研究和相关技术应用情况,论述了硝酸盐介导的底泥硫自养反硝化反应的特点、产生过程、该反应过程中普遍存在的副产物(N2O、NO-2)累积现象,以及底泥硫自养反硝化相关功能菌群及其生态关系等方面的研究进展,提出了在这些研究领域中尚不清楚的一些科学问题.最后指出,对黑臭底泥修复过程中硫自养反硝化反应的脱氮过程、脱氮贡献率,以及该过程中功能菌种群生态特征变化的研究,可进一步促进我国城市河道黑臭治理研究工作的深入和发展.

Research of process,effect and application on the nitrate-induced sulfur autotrophic denitrification in polluted sediment: A review

The black odor problems in the urban river of current China are in need to be solved urgently. In recent years, the in suit polluted sediment remediation technology of nitrate induced indigenous microbial promoting was focused among many researchers. However, attention on the key reaction of sulfur autotrophic denitrification (SAD) was comparatively rare. The application research situations of SAD in the field of environmental pollution control were firstly introduced in this paper. Then the characters, the course of SAD, the production and accumulation byproducts (N₂O、NO^-₂) reaction in sediment were discussed, as well as the research progress in population ecology characters and the population ecological relation between NR SOB and SRB. In addition, the some scientific problems in these researches which are not clear now were pointed out in the text. Finally, it was proposed that the research work of the denitrification process and mechanism of molecular ecology on sulfur autotrophic denitrification in the black odor river sediment were important to the development of black odor control research work in the river of China.