城市污水条件下厌氧氨氧化反应器接种污泥筛选

采用2组平行的厌氧序批式反应器（ASBR），分别以厌氧颗粒污泥、黑臭河道底泥与好氧活性污泥的混合污泥（R1）和厌氧消化污泥、黑臭河道底泥与好氧活性污泥的混合污泥（R2）为污泥源，以实际城市污水为进水，在相同的运行环境下同时运行180~210 d，实验结束取出各自培养的内部污泥进行扫描电镜观察其表面形态.结果表明：2组反应器均成功启动了厌氧氨氧化反应，其中R1反应器在第135天开始表现出厌氧氨氧化活性，在稳定运行阶段所达到的NH₄⁺-N去除率可达到97.35%，NO^-₂-N去除率达到99%以上，并培养出了颗粒污泥，启动时间较长；R2反应器在第102天开始表现出厌氧氨氧化活性并开始稳定运行，稳定阶段NH₄⁺-N平均去除率可达到93.17%，NO^-₂-N去除率也达到99%以上，没有形成颗粒污泥，启动时间更短.电镜结果表明2组ASBR中都可能存在厌氧氨氧化菌.

Inoculated sludge selection and start-up of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactors for the treatment of municipal wastewater

Two groups of different mixed sludges, with one group including anaerobic granular sludges, malodorous river sediments and aerobic activate sludge (R1), and the other including anaerobic digested sludge, malodorous river bottom sludge and aerobic activate sludge （R2）,were used as inocula in two parallel ASBR systems treating actual municipal wastewater for 180~210 d. At the end of the experiment, the inner cultured sludge were observed by scanning electron microscope for analysis of their surface morphology. It was found that anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) could be successfully achieved in the two systems. The ANAMMOX occurred after operation of 135 days. Additionally, removal efficiencies of NH₄⁺-N(97.35%) and NO^-₂-N(99%) were observed at the stable stage in the R1 reactor. Comparatively, the R2 reactor took on notable ANAMMOX after 102 days’ operation, the averaged removal efficiencies of ammonia and nitrite were 93.17% and 99% respecfively during stable operation. Taken together, the mixed sludge of R2 can be deemed as a relatively ideal inoculum for the ANAMMOX reactor due to its quicker start-up. The electron microscopy results showed that the anammox bacteria may exist in ASBR reactor.