凉山山系景观格局变化分析

以1975年、1990年和2000年的遥感影像数据为基本资料，利用GIS技术和景观结构分析软件FRAGSTATS，分别在景观类型和景观整体两个水平上分析了凉山山系近30年来的景观结构变化，并探讨了景观格局变化的可能原因.本研究结果表明从1975年到2000年，凉山山系的景观格局发生了明显的改变，表现为：1）森林斑块面积大量减少，农田斑块面积增加明显；2）各类型斑块破碎化程度加剧，景观多样性增加.人类进行的开垦农田、砍伐森林、修建公路等活动可能是造成山系内景观结构改变的主要因素，这种变化对凉山山系丰富的生物多样性产生了极大的影响，正导致生物多样性的快速丧失.

An analysis of changes of landscape patterns in the Liangshan Mountains

Using GIS and landscape structure analysis program FRAGSTATES, based on the satellite images of the Liangshan Mountains in 1975, 1990 and 2000, we calculated and analyzed some landscape indexes at class metrics level and landscape metrics level respectively. And we discussed the possible causation of changing landscape patterns in the Liangshan Mountains. The results show that landscape patterns have changed greatly in the Liangshan Mountains from 1975 through 2000. The changes include that 1) area of forest patches has decreased a lot, amount of new farmlands have emerged; 2) all kinds of landscape patches have become more fragmented and landscape diversity has increased. Human activities may be the primary factor changing landscape patterns in the Liangshan Mountains. And the great changes of the landscape patterns have a big impact on biodiversity in the Liangshan Mountains.