中孔沸石的合成及其性能研究进展

对近年来关于中孔沸石的合成和相关性能研究方面的进展进行了综述和分析。中孔沸石的合成方法目前主要有:后处理法、硬模板剂法、软模板剂法、键阻断法等,其中软模板剂法是指以两性有机硅烷等为软模板合成中孔沸石,该方法是目前科学研究的热点,特别是应用键阻断机理,实现了中孔沸石的设计合成。同时,研究表明,沸石中中孔的引入,改变了客体分子在传统沸石中的扩散路径,有效缩短客体分子在其中的扩散距离,减小分子的扩散阻力,加快分子的扩散,同时增加沸石表面活性位的有效利用率,提高沸石对大分子反应物的催化活性和产物的选择性,从而拓展传统沸石的应用范围。研究认为,在煤化学工业、重质油工业等实际的催化领域中,中孔沸石作为催化剂,势必产生非常好的应用前景。

Research Progress of Preparation and Performance of Mesoporous Zeolite

This article mainly covers the development of preparation methods of meso-zeolite as well as the performance of such materials.So-called mesoporous zeolite is commonly obtained by post-treatment or template technique,where the mesoporous template can be a hard template,including nanosized carbon and others,or a soft template,for example,amphiphilic organosilane,etc.The soft template method is one of the hottest research directions.And the bond-blocking method achieves the goal of design and synthesis of meso-zeolite.Meso-zeolites largely shorten the diffusion path,reduce the diffusion resistance,speed up the diffusion of molecules,enhance the accessibility and availability of active sites,improve the catalytic activity for macromolecular reactant as well as the selectivity for macromolecular products.The appearance of meso-zeolite widely broadens the applied scope of zeolite.Mesoporous zeolite catalysts are bound to have a great potential for future application in the modern coal chemical industry and heavy oil industry.