放养鱼类对淡水生态环境的下行影响（综述）

养鱼作为我国内陆水体中重要的人类生产活动，可利用天然水体中的各种饵料生物资源，但这种生产性养鱼活动势必对水体中其他生物群落以及整个系统的结构和功能产生一定的下行影响，本文着重论述了放养鱼类对淡水水域大型水草、浮游生物、土著鱼种等的影响及其与水体富营养化的关系，并论述了下行影响原理的应用。

The top-down effect of fish stocking on the freshwater environment (A review)

Fish stocking as an important production of human being in the hinterland water of our country, they can use all kinds of life sources. But this kind of production activity inevitably have some top-down effect on the other biopopulation and even the construction and function of the whole ecosystem in the culturing area. In this article, we had emphasis on summarizing the effect of fishing on the aquatic plants, the plankton, the aboriginal fish species, and its relationship with the eutrophication of freshwater area, and reviewed the application of the principle of up-down effect.