学龄前儿童血压流行病学调查

1984年对广州市11所幼儿园的2301名2—6岁儿童进行了血压流行病学调查,并分析影响儿童血压分布的因素。根据调查结果计算血压平均值和标准差,绘制年龄血压百分位图,提出广州市学龄前儿童(2—6岁)的正常血压以115/75毫米汞柱为上限值。生长时期儿童的血压随年龄,体重和身高的增长而递升,体重经身高校正指标(Kg/M~2)更能体现体重和身高两个因素对血压的影响。调查的结果表明有高血压家族史儿童的血压偏高者检出率明显高于无家族史者。对血压偏高的儿童,特别是同时有高血压家族史者,应对其实行医学监察和保健措施指导,这对原发性高血压的预防有着重要意义。

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF BLOOD PRESSURE OF PRESCHOOLING CHILDREN

An epidemiological survey of blood pressure was carried out in 2301 preschoolers aged 2-6 in 11 kindergartens of Guangzhou in 1984. Judging from the chart of selected percentiles of blood pressure in relation to age plotted according to the mean blood pressure, the authors suggest that the upper limit of preschooler's blood pressure is to be 115/75mm Hg. The blood pressure of the growing children rise with the increase in age, weight, and height. Ponderosity Index(W/H3)reflects more precisely the influence of body weight and height on blood pressure. The results show that the percentage of high normal pressure children is obiously higher in children with a family history of hypertension than those without. It is of great importance in the prevention of primary hypertension to practise medical surveillance and health care in the high normal blood pressure children espcially in those with a family history of hypertension.