井冈山地区外来入侵植物的调查与分析

通过实地调查和查阅相关文献资料,对井冈山地区外来入侵植物的种类组成、生长型、地理起源和风险等级等进行了分析。结果发现:该区现有入侵植物89种,隶属30科61属,菊科、苋科、豆科、茄科和大戟科为优势科,且1～2年生草本和多年生草本植物占据多数;来源于美洲的种类最多;恶性入侵植物有15种,严重入侵的有22种,局部入侵的有17种,一般入侵的有26种,有待观察的有9种;在旅游活动频繁的地区,入侵植物分布较为集中,并呈蔓延趋势。本研究表明:目前井冈山地区的入侵植物种类较多,并对当地的生态环境形成了较大危害,当地管理部门应该采取有效的措施进行防控。

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS ON ALIEN INVASIVE PLANTS IN JINGGANGSHAN AREA

Based on yeild investigation and previous literatures, composition of alien invasive plants in Jinggangshan area and their growth form, geographical origin and risks were assessed. The results show that there are 89 invasive plants belonging to 30 families and 61 genera. Most of them were part of Asteraceae, Amaranthaceae, Leguminosae, Solanaceae and Euphorbiaceae. Perennial and annual herbs accounted for the majority of these invasive plants, and America was the primary geographical origin. The 89 invasive plants were put into the followed 5 categories:malignant invasion (15 species), serious invasion (22 species), local invasion (17 species), general invasion (26 species), and species requiring further observation (9 species). In areas with frequent tourism activities, invasive plants are concentrated and spread obviously. The results suggest that there are many kinds of invasive plants in Jinggangshan area, which have caused great harm to the local ecological environment. The local administrative departments should take effective measures to prevent and control the invasion of invasive plants.