黄土沟壑区小流域水土保持减水效益分析

在实测资料的基础上借助流域水沙耦合模型中的产流模式，将水土保持减水型措施和植被型措施在减流中的作用定量分割开来，为区域水土流失综合治理提供基础数据．结果显示，高度综合治理的插财主沟和杨家沟小流域平均减水分别为66．2％和58．7％．其中减水型措施分别减水42．0％和19．8％，植被型措施分别为24．2％和38．9％．与未治理小流域相比，综合治理使小流域拦蓄水程度明显提高，减水型措施拦蓄径流作用显高于植被型措施．

Analysis on the Benefits of Water Reduction by Soil and Water Conservation for Small Watersheds in Loess Gully Region

Based on the measured data and a flow sedimentation coupled simulation model calculating runoff yield for small basins, the benefits of water reduction by different harnesses of soil and water conservation were separated quantificationally, which offers base data to integral control of soil and water loss in region. The results showed that the mean benefits of water reduction of Cha Caizhugou and Yang Jiagou basins by highly integrated control were 66.2% and 58.7% respectively. The benefits of water reduction by water reduction measures of soil and water conservation were 42.0% and 19.8% respectively, and the benefits by vegetation control were 24.2% and 38.9% respectively. The integral control of small watersheds would result in the significant increases of intercepting and storing runoff compared with uncontrolled basins. The function of intercepting and storing the runoff volume of water reduction measures was better than that of vegetation measures.