Remote sensing of algal blooms using a turbidity-free function for near-infrared and red signals

HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM ACTS UPON IMPORTANT ENVIRON-MENTAL PROBLEMS IN COASTAL WATERS.A UNIFIED AND IM-PLEMENTING METHOD FOR SURVEY AND MONITORING ALGALBLOOMS HAS BEEN DEVELOPED SINCE LAST DECADE.HOWEVER THERE IS A DATA GAP OF ABOUT TENS YEARS IN THE PERIOD W…

Remote sensing of algal blooms using a turbidity-free function for near-infrared and red signals

This article presents a method for real-time mapping of algal blooms in turbid coastal waters using the remote sensing reflectance of red band (Channel 1, 580–680 nm) and near-infrared band (Channel 2, 720–1100 nm) of the AVHRR sensor on the NOAA series satellites. A turbidity-free function for near-infrared and red signals, α ₀ = (b _b ⁽¹⁾/b _b ⁽²⁾)(a ⁽²⁾/a ⁽¹⁾) based on the first order b _b/(a+b _b) model deducing equation R _rs ^(2)-1 = α ₀ R _rs ^(1)-1+g ⁻¹ (1-α ₀), were selected as a chlorophyll-a related index for detecting algal blooms, and the algal blooms with chlorophyll-a concentration of 64–256 mg/L could be defined by window of 1.6 < α ₀ < 5.2 and 0.01< R _rs ⁽²⁾/g < 0.2. Such turbidity-free two-band method is supported by both sea-truth data and remote sensing experiment for an algal blooms event on the near-shore water off the Minjiang estuary of southeastern China during early June of 2003. Comparisons of this algorithm with other published algorithms, one-band method (i.e. method of bright water) or two-band methods (i.e. method of ratio, method of NDVI, and method of subtracting) have suggested that the turbidity-free function method could be regarded as a standard algorithm in capabilities of AVHRR imagery or other high resolution but wide near-infrared and red band imagery for detecting algal blooms events in coastal waters.