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Typical severe dust storms in northern China during 1954 —2002
作者姓名:ZHOUZijiang  ZHANGGuocai
作者单位:[1]DepartmentofAtmosphericSciences,SchoolofPhysics,PekingUniversity,Beijing100871,China [2]NationalMeteorologicalCenter,Beijing100081,China
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划),the Key Project of Short-Term Climate Prediction,中国气象局中央气象台资助项目,中国气象局科研项目 
摘    要:Based on China抯 available daily observation data from 681 national meteorological stations from 1954 to 2002, a time series of typical severe dust storms in northern China is constructed in terms of the weather process, and the temporal and spatial distribution, and their evolution ten-dency is analyzed. The results indicate that there were 223 relatively typical severe dust storms in northern China from 1954 to 2002, among which the event on April 10—12, 1979 had the largest affected area. Closely associated with the geographical distribution of deserts, sandy lands and the tracks of strong cold air outbreaks, severe dust storms mainly occurred in the Tarim Basin, the eastern part of Northwest China and the northern part of North China. The season with the most frequent severe dust storms was spring, in which the frequency accounts for 82.5% in the whole year, while the least occurrence was in summer and autumn. Dur-ing the past 49 years, the highest frequency of severe dust storms occurred in the 1950s and the lowest was in the 1990s with a general descending tendency, but during 2000—2002 the occurrence was relatively increasing. On the average, the duration of severe dust storms was shortest in the 1990s, about 0.5—1 h shorter than that in the other 4 decades.

关 键 词:沙尘暴  中国  北方地区  地理分布
收稿时间:23 March 2007

Typical severe dust storms in northern China during 1954 —2002
ZHOUZijiang ZHANGGuocai.Typical severe dust storms in northern China during 1954 —2002[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2003,48(21):2366-2370.
Authors:Email author" target="_blank">Zijiang?ZhouEmail author  Guocai?Zhang
Institution:e-mail: zzj@cma. gov.cn
Abstract:Based on China's available daily observation data from 681 national meteorological stations from 1954 to 2002, a time series of typical severe dust storms in northern China is constructed in terms of the weather process, and the temporal and spatial distribution, and their evolution tendency is analyzed. The results indicate that there were 223 relatively typical severe dust storms in northern China from 1954 to 2002, among which the event on April 10-12, 1979 had the largest affected area. Closely associated with the geographical distributionof deserts, sandy lands and the tracks of strong cold air outbreaks, severe dust storms mainly occurred in the Tarim Basin, the eastern part of Northwest Chinaand the northern part of North China. The season with the most frequent severe dust storms was spring, in which the frequency accounts for 82.5% in the whole year, while the least occurrence was in summer and autumn. During the past 49 years, the highest frequency of severe dust storms occurred in the 1950s and the lowest was in the 1990s with a general descending tendency, but during 2000-2002 the occurrence was relatively increasing. On the average, the duration of severedust storms was shortest in the 1990s, about 0.5-1 h shorter than that in the other 4 decades.
Keywords:northern China  typical severe dust storms  temporal and spatial distribution  weather process    
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