条件平差与间接平差的相互关系

条件平差和间接平差是测量平差的两大基础。在各种有关测量平差的文献和教程中，这两种方法都是作为一种独立的方法被各自提出，而两者之间的关系尚无人论及。作者曾在文^2]中利用泛函分析原理推导了条件方程与误差方程系数矩阵之间的关系，但对于条件平差和间接平差之间整体关系的认识还很不够。本文从条件平差原理和间接平差原理入手，利用矩阵分析理论，发现并论证了条件平差与间接平差整体上的相互关系。并给出了相应的实例，从根本上解决了这两大平差基础之间的关系问题。

Relationship between adjustment of condition observations and adjustment of indirect observations

Adjustment of condition observations and adjustment of indirect observations are two basic methods in surveying. In various kinds of literatures and text books the two methods are introduced independently. But the relationship between them has not been mentioned so far. Authors of this paper simply discussed the relationship between the coefficient matrixes of the two methods in literature 2] using functional analysis. With matrix analysis theory this paper analyzes the principles of adjustment of condition equations and parametric equations, reveals and formulates the whole relationship between the coefficient matrixes and constant vectors of them. And corresponding examples are given. The problem of the relationship between the two basic adjustment methods is thus solved thoroughly.