寒冷地区高校教室冬季室内热环境与热舒适性分析

以寒冷地区太原市某大学供暖季教室为研究对象,对教室室内外热环境进行现场实测,同时对室内人体热舒适情况进行主观问卷调查.研究结果表明:教室内实测热中性温度为25.21 ℃,80%满意度热舒适温度范围为19.64~30.78 ℃,而根据PMV(predicted mean vote)计算得到的室内热中性温度为21.07 ℃,80%满意度热舒适温度范围为16.61~25.53 ℃.说明PMV模型预测的热感觉与实测热感觉之间存在一定偏差,而验证Griffiths模型可以准确预测该地区教室内热舒适温度,预测值为24.69 ℃.利用最小二乘法优化PMV-PPD(predicted percent dissatisfied)模型,建立适应性PMV修正方程,最终提出适用于寒冷地区高校教室冬季热环境评价数学模型.

Research on Indoor Thermal Environment and Thermal Comfort of College Classrooms in Cold Regions

The classroom of a university in Taiyuan City during heating season in the cold area is taken as the research object, the indoor and outdoor thermal environment of the classroom is measured on-site, and the subjective questionnaire survey of the indoor thermal comfort of the human body is conducted at the same time. The research results show that the measured thermal neutral temperature in the classroom is 25.21 ℃, and the temperature range for 80% acceptability is 19.64 to 30.78 ℃; and the indoor thermal neutral temperature predicted by PMV(predicted mean vote)is 21.07 ℃, the temperature range for 80% acceptability is 16.61 to 25.53 ℃; it shows that there is a certain deviation between the thermal sensation predicted by the PMV model and the measured thermal sensation. It is verified that the Griffiths model can accurately predict the thermal comfort temperature in classrooms in this area, with a predicted value of 24.69 ℃. The PMV-PPD(predicted percent dissatisfied)model is optimized by the least square method, and the adaptive PMV correction equation is established. Finally, a mathematical model for winter thermal environment evaluation of college classrooms in cold regions is proposed.