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三江源区资源与生态环境现状及可持续发展
引用本文:王启基,来德珍,景增春,李世雄,史惠兰.三江源区资源与生态环境现状及可持续发展[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2005,41(4):50-55.
作者姓名:王启基  来德珍  景增春  李世雄  史惠兰
作者单位:1. 中国科学院,西北高原生物研究所,青海,西宁,810001
2. 青海省果洛州草原站,青海,果洛,875000
3. 中国科学院,西北高原生物研究所,青海,西宁,810001;中国科学院,研究生院,北京,100094
基金项目:国家科技攻关项目,中国科学院资源与生态环境研究项目
摘    要:三江源区植被类型以高寒草甸、高寒灌丛草甸和高寒草原为主.植物区系特征为:植物种类较少,以温带科属为主,特有种、属种稀少.该区主要生态环境问题是:经营管理水平落后,超载过牧,鼠害猖獗,草地退化、沙化严重;水土流失严重,生态环境恶化;物种减少,生物多样性丢失.针对上述问题,通过加强天然草地资源的保护、优化家庭牧场生态结构及生产模式,建立稳产、高产的人工草地,逐步实现半舍饲和集约化生产.建立健全草地资源监测、预报和综合评价指标体系,开展不同生态类型退化草地植被恢复与重建技术体系研究与示范,实现三江源地区生态环境与社会经济的可持续发展.

关 键 词:三江源  资源  生态环境  可持续发展
文章编号:0455-2059(2005)04-0050-06
收稿时间:12 3 2004 12:00AM
修稿时间:2004-12-03

The resources, ecological environment and sustainable development in the source regions of the Yangtze, Huanghe and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers
WANG Qi-ji,LAI De-zhen,JING Zeng-chun,LI Shi-xiong,SHI Hui-lan.The resources, ecological environment and sustainable development in the source regions of the Yangtze, Huanghe and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers[J].Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Science),2005,41(4):50-55.
Authors:WANG Qi-ji  LAI De-zhen  JING Zeng-chun  LI Shi-xiong  SHI Hui-lan
Abstract:The types of vegetation mainly consist of alpine meadow, alpine shrub and alpine steppe in the regions, which are characterized by a small number of species, rare endemic genus and species. The main problems with ecological environment are lagged management level, overgrazing, rampant of harmful mouse, grassland degradation, worsened desertification, soil and water loss, reduction of species and biodiversity and severe ecological environment. Now, we adopt the steps below: to strengthen the protection of natural grasslands for reasonable utilization, optimize structure and productivity model of domesticate rangeland, build stables and high-production artificial grasslands, realize semi-breeding and intensive production, build a monitoring, prediction and assessment system of grassland resources, and carry out research into vegetation recovery and rehabilitation in the degraded grassland. All these methods make the source regions of Yangtze, Huanghe and Yalu Tsangpo rivers sustainable in terms of ecological environment and social economy.
Keywords:source region of Yangtze  Huanghe and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers  resources  ecological environment  sustainable development
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