试论《文心雕龙》的正变理论

正变观念本身有经学方面的历史渊源。在《文心雕龙》中，刘勰将其提升为一种系统性和实践性都很强的文学理论。从“正”的方面讲，刘勰认为它是一种经典式的思想情感和行文风范，是作家进行创作时应予以严格遵循的原则和规范，同时作家应有所创新和发展，这就是“变”。“变”是在创作方法和艺术技巧上的推陈出新，刘勰所主张的“变”。是对“正”的灵活运用和适当拓展。只有合理地“变”，才能体现出“正”的意义和作用，也只有用“变”的态度对待经典，用“正”的原则指导创新，才能在经典与新变的理论维度上确立作家自身的文学存在和创作个性，才能实现继承和创新的动态平衡。因此，“正变”理论在《文心雕龙》的理论体系中起着联系有关继承与创新、“名理”共性与“变文”个性等理论文体的纽带性作用。这是进行《文心雕龙》研究不能忽略的重要问题。

On Zhengbian theory in Wen Xin Diao Long

Zheng bian idea originated from Confucian classics. In Wen Xin Diao Long it became a more systematic and practical literary theory. Liu Xie considered Zheng to be classical thought and writing style which were pincipies that authors should stick to in their literary creation. In the meantime, authors should innovate and develop, which meant bian . Bian meant innovation and development in creation methods and artistic skills. According to Liu Xie,bian was the flexible application and adequate expansion of Zheng. Only rational bian could shou the significance and role of Zheng. And only by attitude of bian towards classics and guiding innovation by pinciple of Zheng could authors＇ own literary existence and creative individuality be established and the balance of inheritance and innovated be realized. Therefore,Zhengbian theory plays a connecting role in Wen Xin Diao Long＇ s theoretical system, which is an important issue that should not be neglected in the study of Wen Xin Diao Long.