脆性块体应力分离方法研究

研究裂纹技术应用于分离脆性块体的分离理论和分离方法。在理论上，着重论述了切口设计、敏感应力场设计、有控断裂设计和临界预荷力计算等重大问题，给出了促使固体材料快速、低能耗有控分离的适宜参数；在实用上，针对石油化工行业报废的大量抽油机铸铁平衡块急待破断这一工程实际课题，提出三点弯曲冲击法和楔形冲击加载法两种适宜预荷方式，基本上解决了大型废旧铸件有效回收利用的问题，经济效益显著。

Studyon the Stress Severing Method for Brittle Block

The severing theory and severing method for brittle block are studied. In thistheory,the basic problems of notching design,sensitive stress field design,controlled frac-ture design,and critical preloading force calculation are maining discussed and suitable pa-rameters for fast solid material separation and low energy consumption are obtained.In thepractice, in the light of the practical problem for breaking of the blocks of scrap iron,such asthe balance block of the oil suction pump in petrochemical industry,two type of adequatepreloaded severing methods,so-called three-point bend shocking method and edge shockingmethod,are presented and the breaking of large-sized scrap iron is well dealt with by thismethod so that iron is recovered or further use and the economic benefit is appreciable.