长江经济带城市生态保护能力格局与提升策略初探

“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”、高质量发展是长江经济带建设的指导方针，推进上中下游生态保护与修复的协同互动是重要的实现方式.该文选取了环保固定资产投资占GDP比重、单位GDP的耗电量、单位工业产值的污水排放量、空气质量指数(AQI)、气象灾害损失值、高危企业数量等六个综合反映生态经济、生态环境和生态风险的指标，借助2016年—2018年统计面板数据以及无量纲转换、累计求和、空间分析等方法，对长江经济带110个地级以上城市的生态保护能力进行了评价.结果表明：长江经济带城市生态保护能力提升潜力空间较大；城市生态保护能力与城市规模等级成反比；长江经济带中间低、周边高的反中心空间格局特征显著；城市之间呈现显著但较小的正向空间相关性.基于此，提出了进一步明确长江经济带建设思路、创新生态环境保护机制等对策建议.

Study on patterns and promotion strategies of the urban ecological protection capability in Yangtze River Economic Belt

“Promoting well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoiding excessive development” and high-quality development are the guiding principles for the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Promoting the collaborative interaction of ecological protection and restoration in the upper， middle， and lower reaches region on Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important way to achieve this. This article selects six indexes to reflect ecological economy， ecological environment and ecological risk， including the proportion of environmental protection fixed assets investment in GDP， power consumption per unit of GDP， sewage discharge per unit of industrial output， air quality index (AQI)， meteorological disaster loss， and number of high-risk enterprises. With the help of 2016-2018 statistical panel data， dimensionless conversion， cumulative summation and spatial analysis， we evaluated the ecological protection capabilities of 110 cities above the prefecture level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results show that the potential for improvement of the ecological protection capacity of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is large.The ecological protection capacity of cities is inversely proportional to the scale of the city.The anti-center spatial pattern of the surrounding areas of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is marked.Small positive spatial correlation is marked among cities. Based on the analysis， this article puts forward countermeasures to further clarify the construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt， and innovate the mechanism of ecological environmental protection.