土地整理对区域景观格局的影响——以湖北省安陆市辛榨乡基本农田整理项目为例

土地整理是区域景观变化的主要驱动力之一，其生态影响可以通过景观格局的变化表现出来．结合国家投资基本农田整理项目的空间数据与属性数据。选取景观单元特征指数、景观多样性指数、景观破碎化指数等三大类指数与9小类指标，在AutoCAD与MapGIS平台上提取与处理空间数据和属性数据。并计算出各指标量整理前后的变化．结果表明：土地整理后斑块密度指数减少，景观多样性指数降低，破碎度指数减小，水田的优势度增高且更具有连通性，景观异质程度下降，景观类型有向单一化和非均衡化方向发展的趋势。景观中各类型斑块在空间上的分布也出现非均衡化．

Impact of land consolidation on regional landscape pattern—— A case of the land consolidation project of basic farmland in Anlu City, Hubei Province

Land consolidation is one of the driving forces to the landscape change, its ecological effects of land consolidation can be represented through the change of landscape patterns. Based on AutoCAD and MapGIS, the 3 factors with 9 indexes are selected to be calculated the changes in fore-and-aft the land consolidation with the spatial and attribute data of state invested project of land consolidation for basic farmland in Anlu City, Hubei Province. The results show, the index of patch density is reduced, the index of landscape diversity decreased, the degree of fragmentation fallen down, the dominance of paddy field increased, and the connectivity enhanced after land consolidation. The results also show, the degree of landscape heterogeneity is degenerated, the landscape patterns are tended to simplification and disequilibrium, the spatial distribution of every kinds of patch in landscape is also appeared to disequilibrium.