高地应力和瓦斯压力耦合作用下的冲击地压触发机制研究

随着煤矿逐渐进入深部开采,在深部高地应力和瓦斯压力开采条件下,冲击地压的触发机制也将发生变化。首先,根据采掘工作面前方的应力和瓦斯压力分布状况,并结合冲击煤体顶部存在粉碎煤的特点,构建出了高地应力和瓦斯压力条件下的冲击煤体受力物理模型;然后,对冲击煤体进行了受力分析,从理论上推导出了冲击能量计算公式。研究结果显示,在高地应力和瓦斯压力开采件下,冲击煤体与顶板之间的相对运动属于滚动摩擦,而与底板之间的相对运动则属于滑动摩擦;冲击能量随冲击深度呈指数规律增长。因此,高地应力与瓦斯压力条件下的煤岩体弹性变形能和瓦斯膨胀能瞬间释放,不仅增加了冲击地压发生的能量和动力,而且降低了阻力;增加卸压带宽带防治冲击地压的作用机理在于提高冲击地压发生的能耗条件。

Research on the Burst Triggering Mechanism Under the Coupling Action of Higher Stress and Gas Pressure

Along with coming into the deep mining in coal mine, in the mining condition of higher stress and gas pressure, the burst triggering mechanism will take place. Firstly, according to the distribution of the stress and gas pressure in the front of mining work face, and there are some smash coals in the top of burst coal, and combining the characteristic, the forced physics model of burst coal was constructed in the condition of higher stress and gas pressure; and then, the force analysis of burst coal was done, and the computing formula of burst energy was obtained in theory. The research result shows are as follows, in the mining condition of high- er stress and gas pressure, the relative motion between burst coal and roof is rolling friction, and but, the rela- tive motion between it and floor is sliding friction; the burst energy rises along with the burst spot depth by ex- ponential law. Therefore, in the condition of higher stress and gas pressure, the elastic deformation energy ofcoal （rock） and the expansion energy of gas release instantly, and not only the energy and power of burst in- creases, but also the resistance falls ＇ the action mechanism that enhancing the distressed zone width prevents and cures the burst is improving the energy consumption of burst happening.