贵州煤萃取物的族组成与萃取动力学特征探讨

用二氯甲烷对贵州月亮田和凯里两种煤样进行了索氏萃取。并采用柱色谱对萃取物进行了族组分分离，利用气相色谱／质谱联用技术（GC／MS）分析研究了萃取物的族组成，并对萃取动力学特征进行了探讨．实验结果表明：萃取过程阶段性明显；萃取物脂肪烃馏分主要为正构烷烃和烷基环己烷，芳烃馏分包括常规芳烃及它们的烷基衍生物和杂环化合物，非烃馏分检测出含氧、氮、硫和溴等多种极性化合物结构；在月亮田煤样中，低分子化合物多以游离态和吸附态形式存在，而在凯里煤样中。低分子化合物多以共溶态形式存在．图5，表6，参9。

Group compositions and extraction kinetics of extracts from Guizhou coal

Two raw coals from Yueliangtian and Kaili coal mines in Guizhou Province were extracted with dichloromethane separately.The extracts were separated into different group compositions by column chromatography,and the group compositions were analyzed with GC/MS.Extraction kinetics characteristics of two coals were contrasted.The test results show that the extraction process can be described by two first order stage.Main components in aliphatic fractions of extracts are normal alkanes and alkyl-substituted cyclohexanes,aromatic fractions mainly consist of routine arenes,alkyl-substituted arenes and heterocyclic compounds,many kinds of heteroatom(including O,N,S and Br)-containing compounds were detected in non-hydrocarbon fractions.The low molecular weight compounds contained in Yueliangtian coal existed by free and absorbent forms,the low molecular weight compounds existed by co-soluble modes in Kaili coal.5figs.,6tabs.,9refs.