燕山地带部分辽代冶铁遗址的初步调查

对燕山地带的河北兴隆蓝旗营冶铁遗址、河北滦平东沟冶铁遗址、河北赤城上仓冶铁遗址进行了田野调查,对采集的炉渣、炉壁、矿石等进行了实验室分析.通过初步研究发现三处冶铁遗址的性质比较接近,主要技术为生铁冶炼和炒铁,证明燕山地带的辽代居民掌握一定的生铁冶炼技术,并掌握了添加石灰石和白云石等作为助熔剂的技术,但综合冶炼技术不成熟.通过对比发现燕山地带辽代冶铁遗址的冶炼技术比较接近,随着遗址所处矿区的不同有一定的差异,初步印证了辽代的统治者对当时冶铁业进行了集中的管理,并且采取就近进行冶炼的作业方法.

Preliminary Investigation and Research of Several Iron Smelting Sites of Liao Dynasty in Yanshan Region

The author had made a detailed field investigation towards three iron melting sites, which are the Lanqiying iron melting site at Xinglong in Hebei province, Donggou site at Luanping country of He-bei province, Shangcang site in Chicheng country of Hebei province, smelting slag, furnace wall and ores gathered from the former sites had been analyzed by scientific testing methods. Based on the above research work, this paper reaches an initial conclusion, that is, first, the three sites are similar in smelting methods, they are mainly take the cast-iron smelting and puddling steel method, second, people who lived in Yanshan Region in the Liao Dynasty period have obtained cast-iron smelting method and learned to use limestone and dolomite as flux; however, its comprehension iron smelting technology is not yet matured. By comparison, we find that the iron smelting methods in Yanshan Region are relatively close, only some minor differences are existed because of the different mine location, which preliminary prove that the ruler of Liao Dynasty had carried out the united specialized management in iron melting industry and made iron smelting in nearby mines.