基于空间可达性分析的长春市生活资源配置评价

生活空间质量是居民对美好生活向往的需求,是现代社会关注的焦点问题之一,而生活资源配置的可获得性深刻影响着城市居民的生活品质。将长春市中心城区居住地块作为研究单元,选取六大类十六小类的生活资源设施,利用地理信息系统软件根据到达不同生活资源设施的不同原则对其构建相应的可达性模型。从时间成本角度出发对各种设施定义其达标要求,从而统计各小区的生活资源达标项数,分析其空间分布特征并对比不同类型的生活资源配置情况。结果发现,长春市中心城区内达标五项以上的居住小区数量占比接近60%。空间分布整体随着距老城区距离越远,达标项数逐渐减少。从设施类别角度分析,长春市整体达标最好的设施为商业设施,而配置最不理想的设施为医疗卫生设施。另外,对各类生活资源设施提出了相应的规划建议。研究评价了长春市现状生活资源配置的合理性,以期为设施空间规划布局优化调整提供分析方法和数据支撑。

Evaluation of Living Resources Allocation in Changchun Based on Spatial Accessibility Analysis

The quality of living space is the demand that residents yearn for a better life, and it is one of the focuses of modern society. The availability of living resources has a profound impact on the quality of life. In this paper, the residential plots were taken as the research unit. Six categories and sixteen sub-categories of living resources facilities were selected and the corresponding accessibility models were constructed by using GIS (geographic information system software) according to the different principles. Then, the standard requirements of various facilities were defined from the perspective of time cost, so as to count the number that meet the standard, analyze spatial distribution characteristics and compare different living resources. The results show that the residential districts with more than five items was close to 60%. And the number reaching the target decreases gradually with the distance from the old urban area. Furthermore, the best facility is commercial facilities, while the least ideal facility is medical facilities. In addition, corresponding planning suggestions are put forward. This paper studies the rationality of living resources in Changchun in order to provide the analysis method and data support for the optimization and adjustment of facility planning.