考虑共同避让行为的门诊大厅多向行人仿真

医院门诊大厅建筑面积大、服务功能多,导致多向行人冲突频繁发生,影响行人服务感受,在大厅的空间规划、设计及管理时应充分考虑行人的多向冲突特性.实地调研发现,医院门诊大厅行人聚集区域的共同避让行为主要受行人通视、两共同避让行人间步行方向夹角及二者间距影响.基于社会力模型原理,结合共同避让行为影响因素,引入共同避让时行人间吸引力,建立门诊大厅多向行人共同避让行为仿真模型.以某中医院门诊大厅为例,通过共同避让行为特征和行人流参数对比,验证了仿真模型的真实性,据此研究不同门诊大厅空间布局对行人走行质量的影响,得到现状服务人流量及门诊大厅面积下,门诊大厅行人聚集区域长宽比以1∶0.1 ～1∶0.6为宜的结论.该模型可对医院门诊大厅等行人多向冲突频繁空间进行定量分析,为该类空间规划、设计及管理提供理论支持及方法依据.

Multi-directional Pedestrian Simulation in Outpatient Hall Considering Joint Avoidance Behavior

The large construction area and multiple service functions of the hospital outpatient hall result in frequent occurrence of multi-directional pedestrian conflicts and affect the service experience of pedestrians. The multi-directional conflict characteristics of pedestrians should be fully considered in the space planning, design and management of the hall. Field research found that the common avoidance behavior in the pedestrian gathering area of the hospital outpatient hall was mainly affected by pedestrian visibility, the angle of walking direction between two common avoiding pedestrians, and the distance between them. Based on the principle of social force model, combined with the influencing factors of joint avoidance behavior, pedestrian attraction was introduced during joint avoidance, and a simulation model of multi-directional pedestrian avoidance behavior was established in outpatient hall. Taking the outpatient hall of a Chinese medicine hospital as an example, the effectiveness of the simulation model is verified by comparing the characteristics of common avoidance behavior and pedestrian flow parameters. Based on this, the effect of different outpatient hall spatial layouts on pedestrian walking quality is studied, and the current service flow and outpatient service are obtained. Under the hall area, it is concluded that the ratio of the length to width of the pedestrian gathering area in the outpatient hall is 1:0.1~1:0.6. The model can quantitatively analyze the multi-directional conflicting spaces such as hospital outpatient halls, and provide theoretical support and methodological basis for the planning, design and management of such spaces.