油气地面管线内结垢固体颗粒沉积影响因素的实验研究

油田地面管线结垢机理的研究大多集中于结晶动力学。由于管道流动的复杂性,流体流动过程中的结垢机理尚不明确。研发了结垢动态分析仪,探讨了流体流动过程中的结垢过程,主要研究了结垢流体管道内速度分布、颗粒悬浮特征及位置、平均停留时间分布等关键参数。研究表明:相同的流量下,管径越大,流体中碳酸钙颗粒越均匀地分散在流体中。相同管径下,流量较小时流体在管道截面上流速分布不均匀。流量较大时在管道有限的长度内颗粒能够均匀分散在流体中。90°弯曲管中流体出现了涡旋区,增加了流动阻力,结垢量增加。管壁相对粗糙度愈小,结垢量与雷诺数相关性愈小;管壁相对粗糙度愈大,结垢量与雷诺数相关性愈大。流体流动具有温度效应,随着温度升高,管道内流体流动趋于稳定。研究为油田集输管线的清垢、阻垢工艺等方面提供理论依据。

The Deposition Law of Solid Particles fluid flow in the Oil-gas Gathering Pipeline

Most of the research on scaling mechanism of oil field surface pipeline was focused on the crystallization kinetics. Due to the complexity of pipeline flow, the fouling mechanism in the process of fluid flow is not clear. In this paper, the fouling process in the process of fluid flow was discussed. The key parameters such as velocity distribution, particle suspension characteristics, location, and average residence time distribution of the scale were studied. The research showed that the larger the diameter, the more the calcium carbonate particles were dispersed in the fluid.Under the same diameter, the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipe section was not uniform, and the length of the finite length of the pipe could be dispersed in the fluid. In the 90 degree bend pipe that the fluid flow in the vortex area, increased the flow resistanceand the scale. The smaller the relative roughness of the tube wall, the correlation between the scaling and the Reynolds number was greater, and vice versa. Fluid flow has the effect of temperature, with the increased of temperature, the flow of fluid in the pipeline was tended to be stable. The study provides theoretical basis for the oil field gathering and transportation pipeline of the scale, scale and scale process.