基于有限元的板簧橡胶支座失效形式分析

板簧橡胶支座是重型运载车辆的重要减振部件,针对车辆在行驶过程中,因支座出现故障造成车辆无法正常行驶的问题,以板簧橡胶支座为研究对象,提出了一种橡胶趋近失效时的刚度修正方法,并对板簧橡胶支座进行仿真分析,找出支座的故障原因,最终对支座进行过载压力测试实验以及滑移测试实验来验证仿真的准确性。结果表明：修正后的刚度表达式更适合橡胶部件失效时的刚度计算,采用仿真与实验相结合的方式,能够有效的找出板簧橡胶支座的故障原因。同时在对支座进行故障分析的过程中积累了一定实验数据,也为后期的优化提供了基础准备。

Failure Form Analysis and Experimental Test of Rubber Bearing Based on Finite Element

The leaf spring rubber bearing is an important vibration damping component for heavy-duty vehicles. Aiming at the problem that the vehicle cannot run normally due to the failure of the bearing during the driving process, the leaf spring rubber bearing is taken as the research object, and a kind of rubber is proposed. The stiffness correction method when approaching failure is carried out, and the simulation analysis of the leaf spring rubber bearing is carried out to find out the failure cause of the bearing. Finally, the overload pressure test experiment and the slip test experiment are carried out on the bearing to verify the accuracy of the simulation. The results show that the modified stiffness expression is more suitable for the stiffness calculation when the rubber component fails, and the failure cause of the leaf spring rubber bearing can be effectively found by combining simulation and experiment. At the same time, some experimental data are accumulated in the process of failure analysis of the bearing, which also provides basic preparations for the later optimization.