基于SBE法的北京城市公园植物景观美学质量评价

在全面踏查北京3个代表性城市公园的基础上,选取公园内36个典型植物群落景观作为研究对象,运用心理物理学派的美景度评价法(SBE法)对其进行美学质量评价,以寻求最佳植物配置模式,并建立美景度与主要景观因子之间的景观评价模型。结果表明：公园36个植物景观美景度值范围为-1.521-1.839,评价值相对较高的为乔灌草复层结构,而其中以乡土树种为主、郁闭度较大、树种组成及色彩数量相对较丰富的植物群落更受群众欢迎；不同群落结构景观美景度体现出乔灌草结构﹥乔草结构﹥灌草结构﹥草坪结构；植物群落景观的郁闭度、生活型构成、树种组成数量对公园景观美学质量影响较大,建立的多元线性评价模型能够较准确的进行公园美景度预测。

Scenic beauty estimation of Beijing urban park plant landscape by SBE method

On the basic of a thorough investigation of plant community landscape of three typical city parks in Beijing, 36 typical plant community landscapes were selected as the research objects. Using the scenic beauty estimation method of psychophysical school, the landscape aesthetic quality was evaluated to seek the optimal plant configuration mode and the landscape evaluation model between the scenic beauty estimates and the major landscape factors were established. The results show that the scenic beauty estimates of 36 plant landscapes range from -1.521 to 1.839. The arbor-shrub-grass stratified structure have the highest scenic beauty estimates value, and the plant community with the local tree species, wide crown density and high species diversity and richness color is much more popular by the masses in the Beijing urban park. The scenic beauty mean value of different structure of plant community have taken on a trend of arbor-shrub-grass > arbor-grass > shrub-grass > grass. The canopy density, growth form and quantity of species of plant community are the main factors that affect the quality of landscape aesthetics and the established multiple linear regression equation can accurately forecast the Z-value.